2023.11.21

• China

‘Offensive’ and ‘defensive’ diplomacy: Managing ties with China (Geoeconomic Briefing)

A year has passed since Chinese President Xi Jinping began his norm-breaking third term as Chinese Communist Party (CCP) Secretary General. In October, China hosted the third round of the Belt and Road Forum. Leaders from many developing countries participated, but there were fewer heads of state from Europe in attendance. Also, the total number of participating leaders had dropped from the previous rounds.